![]() ![]() ![]() Our findings indicate that psychotic disorders are a potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia and suggest that individuals with psychotic disorders need to be closely monitored for cognitive decline in later life. Our review finds a substantial association between psychotic disorders and subsequent dementia. Associations remained after excluding low quality studies (pooled RR = 2.50, 95% CI (1.71–3.68), I ² = 99.0%). The risk was higher in people aged <60 years at baseline, in typical and late-onset psychotic disorders versus very late-onset psychosis, in broader psychotic disorders vs schizophrenia, and in prospective vs retrospective studies. Subgroup analyses indicated stronger associations in studies with shorter follow-up periods, conducted in non-European countries, published after 2020, and where ≥60% of the sample were female. Non-affective psychotic disorders were associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia pooled risk ratio (RR) = 2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.67–3.80), I ² = 99.7%, n = 12,997,101 11 studies, with high heterogeneity between studies. We used random-effects meta-analyses to pool estimates across studies and assessed risk of bias for each study. We searched four electronic databases for longitudinal studies investigating non-affective psychotic disorders and subsequent dementia. We aimed to systematically review and quantify the risk of dementia associated with psychotic disorders. However, research in this area remains limited, highlighting the need for an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence. Non-affective psychotic disorders have been associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. ![]()
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